WILD DAFFODIL

LENT LILY

Narcissus Pseudonarcissus

Onion & Garlic Family [Alliaceae]  
Formerly in: Lily Family [Liliaceae] then in Amaryllis Family for a while.

month8mar month8apr

flower
flower8cream
inner
inner8yellow
petals
petalsZ6
type
typeZtrumpet
stem
stem8round
toxicity
toxicityZlowish

28th April 2010, Craven Arms, Shropshire. Photo: © RWD
With greyish-green long linear leaves as tall as the flowers, the Wild Daffodils here are growing amidst Dogs Mercury and Lesser Celandine in woodland near a brook.


28th April 2010, Craven Arms, Shropshire. Photo: © RWD
Flower-heads angled slightly upwards. White petals and long yellow corona.


28th April 2010, Craven Arms, Shropshire. Photo: © RWD
The six petals are usually yellowish with a long darker-yellow corona that is not tinged orange or red at the rim.


28th April 2010, Craven Arms, Shropshire. Photo: © RWD
The corona is long and a deeper yellow than the six petals. Note the paper-like bract common on Daffodils.


28th April 2010, Craven Arms, Shropshire. Photo: © RWD
Long yellow corona. Small bug on rim.


SUB-SPECIES: Pseudonarcissus

5th April 2009. Photo: © David Pilling
The sub-species of Wild Daffodil Narcissus Pseudonarcissus ssp pseudonarcissus. Note slightly drooping narcistic flower-heads. The leaves in this sub-species seem a little wider.


5th April 2009. Photo: © David Pilling
Narcissus Pseudonarcissus ssp pseudonarcissus. The petals are swept forwards rather than stretched outwards or bacwards.


5th April 2009. Photo: © David Pilling
Narcissus Pseudonarcissus ssp pseudonarcissus. Corona longer than the petals.


Easily confused with : other Daffodils

Wild Daffodil is very variable. It can have either white, off-white (creamy) or yellow petals. It always has a long and yellow central corona (trumpet). There are many sub-species.

Wild Daffodil is fairly scarce in the wild, even in the English Lake district (most specimens and gatherings are actually planted, albeit in some cases a very long time ago).

Galanthamine (or Galanthamine) is an acclaimed drug (Nivalin®) for the treatment of Alzheimers disease, Polio, Central Nervous System disorders, and other problems to do with memory impairment. It is a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. It is contained in many plants of the Daffodil Family. Although Galanthamine can now be synthesized in the laboratory, it is for the time being much cheaper to harvest the drug from specially cultivated Caucasian Snowdrop, and also from cultivated species of Daffodil for greater yield, although efforts are being made in the chemical synthesis of the drug to reverse the economics of production. It is present not only in Snowdrops and Daffodils but also in Snowflake and Red Spider Lily, etc, all members of the Daffodil Family (Amaryllidaceae). Galantamine has also been used to induce lucid dreams and out of body experiences. A chemically very similar compound, Lycoramine, is present in Fir Clubmoss

Haemanthamine (aka Natalensine, or Hemanthidine or 3-Epicrinamine) is an alkaloid from Narcissus confusus with some chemical similarities to Galanthamine, which was first isolated from Haemanthus ssp hybrid 'King Albert'. It also occurs in Wild Daffodil. Extracts of the bulbs are used by Africans to treat a range of diverse ailments.

[10-methoxy-3,12-didehydrogalanthan- 1,9-diol]. This compound, and several derivatives, are related to Galanthamine, and also occur in Wild Daffodil and other members of the Daffodil Family.

Wild Daffodil also contains Lycorine the main pyrrolo-phenanthridene alkaloid contained in members of the Daffodil Family.
Pluviine also occurs in Wild Daffodil.

Over 100 biologically active alkaloids have been isolated from members of the former Daffodil Amaryllidaceae Family.

ANY TEXT GOES HERE


Distribution
 family8Daffodil family8Amaryllidaceae family8alliaceae family8onion family8garlic
BSBI maps
genus8Narcissus
Narcissus

WILD DAFFODIL

LENT LILY

Narcissus Pseudonarcissus

Onion & Garlic Family [Alliaceae]  
Formerly in: Lily Family [Liliaceae] then in Amaryllis Family for a while.