categoryZUnderShrubs UnderShrubs List 
categoryZShrubs Shrubs List 
categoryZEvergreen Evergreen List 
categoryZBrooadleaf Broadleaf List 

TUTSAN

Hypericum androsaemum

St John's Wort Family [Hypericaceae]

Flowers:
month8jun month8june month8jul month8july month8aug

Berries: berryZpossible        berryZgreen berryZyellow berryZred berryZblack  (poisonous)
berry8jun berry8june berry8jul berry8july berry8aug berry8sep berry8sept berry8oct

category
category8Shrubs
category
category8UnderShrubs
category
category8Evergreen
category
category8Broadleaf
status
statusZnative
flower
flower8yellow
inner
inner8green
morph
morph8actino
petals
petalsZ5
stem
stem8round
stem
stem8ribbed
toxicity
toxicityZlowish
sex
sexZbisexual

22nd June 2009, Gait Barrows, Silverdale, Lancs. Photo: © RWD
At up to a metre tall it is shorter than Stinking Tutsan, but here sheltering in a gryke and unlikely to get much taller.


22nd June 2009, Gait Barrows, Silverdale, Lancs. Photo: © RWD
A branched under-shrub or shrub. Leaves redden from mid-green when under stress, for example from being exposed to strong sunlight day after day.


22nd June 2009, Gait Barrows, Silverdale, Lancs. Photo: © RWD
At between 1.5 to 2.5cm across the flowers much smaller than those of Stinking Tutsan or Tall Tutsan. Sepals (behind flower and berry) are shorter than petals.


22nd June 2009, Gait Barrows, Silverdale, Lancs. Photo: © RWD
With five stunted petals between 1.5 to 2.5 cm across and a multitude of stamens (which are about as long as the petals), which are about as long as the petals, bearing cream-coloured pollen. Ovary in centre, greenish at first, turning yellow as here before turning into an orange then red berry.


22nd June 2009, Gait Barrows, Silverdale, Lancs. Photo: © RWD
Un-like those of Tall Tutsan or Stinking Tutsan, the berries are round. Behind them are five sepals, the petals having long since dropped off.


22nd June 2009, Gait Barrows, Silverdale, Lancs. Photo: © RWD


22nd June 2009, Gait Barrows, Silverdale, Lancs. Photo: © RWD


22nd June 2009, Gait Barrows, Silverdale, Lancs. Photo: © RWD
A yellow berry and an orange berry.


22nd June 2009, Gait Barrows, Silverdale, Lancs. Photo: © RWD
Ripe berries are red, with five sepals behind. There are only 3 styles (not 5) on Hypericum androsaemum [=Tutsan] (and on several other Tutsans). The styles are about half as long as the ovary.


22nd June 2009, Silverdale, Lancs. Photo: © RWD
Normal colour of leaves when plant not under stress. Stems often reddish even when not under duress.


22nd June 2009, Silverdale, Lancs. Photo: © RWD
The sepals start off green (one left in centre) but notice the green-tipped one turning brown, red then purple (left of centre). The stem has two ridges as does Tall Tutsan (Hypericum androsaemum) (rather than the four of Stinking Tutsan (Hypericum hircinum).


13th July 2013, pub garden, Howtown, Ullswater, Cumbria Photo: © RWD
An erect and hairless shrub which grows to 80cm. They are cultivated but often bird-sown.


13th July 2013, pub garden, Howtown, Ullswater, Cumbria Photo: © RWD


13th July 2013, pub garden, Howtown, Ullswater, Cumbria Photo: © RWD
Leaves large, opposite, without stalks, and stacked vertically above each other (not alternate pairs at right angles to each other). The stems have 2 opposite ridges along them.


13th July 2013, pub garden, Howtown, Ullswater, Cumbria Photo: © RWD
The stamens are about as long as the petals, whereas the styles are shorter than the stamens.


13th July 2013, pub garden, Howtown, Ullswater, Cumbria Photo: © RWD


13th July 2013, pub garden, Howtown, Ullswater, Cumbria Photo: © RWD


13th July 2013, pub garden, Howtown, Ullswater, Cumbria Photo: © RWD
Spent stamens litter the leaf.


Hybridizes with : Stinking Tutsan (Hypericum hircinum) to produce Tall Tutsan (Hypericum inodorum), which despite the scientific name, does smell when crushed, but not of billy goat, rather of aromatic compounds.

Tutsan only smells slightly aromatic when the leaves are crushed.

The name 'Tutsan' is derived from 'Toutesaine' meaning 'all healthy'. In the 1600's it was used to treat sciatica, gout, wounds and, probably with less success, cholera.

Although Tutsan itself is half evergreen, Stinking Tutsan is deciduous.

It is native to the UK throughout the West and South of the British Isles but frequently naturalised outside its native range. It grows amongst deciduous woods in damp conditions, in hedge banks and in grykes in limestone pavements.


  Hypericum androsaemum  ⇐ Global Aspect ⇒ Hypericaceae  

Distribution
 family8St John's Wort family8Hypericaceae
 BSBI maps
genus8Hypericum
Hypericum
(St John's-worts)

TUTSAN

Hypericum androsaemum

St John's Wort Family [Hypericaceae]