Family: Onion & Garlic [Alliaceae] |
Agapanthus |
Allium |
Amaryllis |
Crinum |
Galanthus |
Leucojum |
Narcissus |
Nectaroscordum |
Nerine |
Nothoscordum |
Pancratium |
Sternbergia |
Tristagma |
Triteleia |
The Allium Genus in this Family was formerly in the Lily Family (Liliaceae). The following Families have been subsumed into this, the Onion & Garlic (Alliaceae) Family:
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[ALLIUM] Onions
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BULBILS, STAMENS & STEMS in ALLIUM | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Many, but by no means all of the Allium species, have triangular cross-section flower stems and keeled or chevron-shaped leaves. |
Ramsons. (Allium ursinum) | Photo: © RWD |
Neapolitan Garlic (Allium neapolitanum) | Photo: © RWD |
Three-Cornered Garlic (Allium triquetrum) | Photo: © RWD |
Few-Flowered Garlic (Allium paradoxum) | Photo: © Tony Lawrence |
Field Garlic (Allium oleraceum) | Photo: © RWD |
Crow Garlic (Allium vineale) | Photo: © RWD |
Sand Leek (Allium scorodoprasum) | Photo: © RWD |
Rosy Garlic (Allium roseum) | Photo: © RWD |
Keeled Garlic (Allium carinatum) | Photo: © RWD |
Pale Garlic (Allium paniculatum) | Photo: © RWD |
Round-Headed Leek (Allium sphaerocephalon) | Photo: © RWD |
Leek (aka Garden Leek) (Allium porrum) | Photo: © Elizabeth Whatmough |
Chives (Allium schoenoprasum) | Photo: © RWD |
Star-of-Persia (Allium cristophii) | Photo: © RWD |
[AGAPANTHUS] African Lily
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African Lily (Agapanthus praecox) | Photo: © RWD |
[CRINUM] Cape-Lilies
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Powell's Cape-Lily (Crinum powellii) | Photo: © RWD |
[NARCISSUS] Daffodils
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Several members of the former Amaryllidaceae Family (former Daffodil Family) (as well as the former Hyacinth Family) contain allergenic lactones: tuliposidesand tulipalins, which the plants use as natural fungicides. Tulips especially contain these compounds, and to a lesser extent so do Narcissus: Narcissus, Jonquils and Daffodils. Physical contact with the bulbs (especially) or the leaves and flowers can cause an allergic dermatitis called 'Lily Rash' or 'Tulip Finger' as many florists or gardeners have found to their cost. Dog-Tooth Violets also contain such compounds. [N.B. it may be called 'Lily rash, but these Narcissus plants do not belong to the 'Lily' family, but to this, the former Daffodil Family]. There are a huge number of differing Daffodils. To help make any sense of the huge variety of Daffodils they are grouped into 12 or 13 Divisions. These 12 (13) Divisions are not an exact science - daffodil cultivars are very numerous! Use the BSBI website to identify Daffodils and their Divisions 1-13
Over 100 biologically active alkaloids have been isolated from members of the former Daffodil (Amaryllidaceae) Family, the most famous of which is Galantamine, (Nivalin®) first isolated from some species of Galanthus (
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Wild Daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus) [Cultivars in Division 1] | Photo: © RWD |
Bunch-Flowered Daffodil (Narcissus tazetta) [Cultivars in Division 8] | Photo: © RWD |
Pheasant'-Eye Daffodil (Narcissus poeticus) [Cultivars in Division 9] | Photo: © RWD |
Hoop-Petticoat Daffodil (Narcissus bulbocodium) | Photo: © Pauline Marsh |
[GALANTHUS] Snowdrops
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[Galanthus] SNOWDROP HYBRID CHART |
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N.B. Due to the symmetrical nature of the chart, each hybrid appears twice, apart from sub-species which are in light-blue.
Greater Snowdrop is sometimes known as Giant Snowdrop; Pleated Snowdrop as Crimean Snowdrop. Of particular note is that there are actually three Snowdrop species with the same common name: Pleated Snowdrop. The first is Galanthus plicatus itself. The other two are subspecies: Galanthus plicatus subsp. plicatus and Galanthus plicatus subsp. byzantinus. All those that are not hybrids (and are either sub-species or variations) are shown within light-blue boxes. As a name for Caucasian Snowdrop, Galanthuis caucasicus is ambiguous, for there are two Snowdrops to which it applies: One is Alpine Snowdrop Galanthus alpinus (which is very rare, and not local to the UK), and Galanthus elwesii var. monostictus which presumably is extant within the UK. There also seem to be two species of Green Snowdrop: Galanthuis ikariae and Galanthuis woronowii, the differences being in the size of the green markings on the inner three tepals. None of the other hybrids shown have any common names. |
Galanthus SPECIES LACKING HYBRIDS | ||
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Green Snowdrop (Galanthus woronowii) | Photo: © RWD |
Caucasian Snowdrop (Galanthus caucasicus) | Photo: © David Kikodze |
Snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis) | Photo: © RWD |
Greater Snowdrop (Galanthus elwesii) | Photo: © Dawn Nelson |
[LEUCOJUM] Snowflakes
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Summer Snowflake (Leucojum aestivum) | Photo: © Dave Redfern |
[TRISTAGMA] Starflowers
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Spring Starflower (Tristagma uniflorum) | Photo: © RWD |
Family: Onion & Garlic [Alliaceae] |