|
STEMS |
COROLLA |
STIGMAS |
STAMENS |
SYMBIONTS |
UNUSUAL FEATURES |
BRACTEOLES (at base of calyx) |
Common Broomrape (O. minor ssp. minor) |
• 10-30 (60)cm high × 4-8mm • Reddish-brown, rarely yellow • Variably washed purple •Lower lip of flower cut into 3 equal & blunt lobes without prominent bosses |
• 10-18mm long • Creamy-yellow, usu. strongly-washed purple |
• Usually purple • The 2 stigma lobes separated |
• Filaments usu. hairless or sparsely-hairy at base • inserted 2-3.5mm above base of corolla |
• Huge range of Dicots • but usu. Fabaceae & Asteraceae, esp. Clover but huge |
• Lips of calyx each usu. 2-lobed |
• 1 Large |
Common Broomrape (O. minor ssp. maritima) [RR] |
• 10-30 (60)cm high • Yellowish, usu. strongly tinged darker purple |
• 10-18mm long •Lower lip of corolla cut into 3 lobes with large yellow bosses, the middle lobe larger |
• The 2 stigma lobes partly fused |
• (same as ssp. minor) |
• Carrots, Buck's-horn Plantain & Common Restharrow |
• Lips of calyx each only 1-lobed |
• 1 present |
Ivy Broomrape (O. hederae) [R] |
• 10-60cm high × 4-8mm • Dark-purplish • Flowers all the way up the stem. • Brownish-yellow |
• 10-22mm long • washed dull-cream • purple veined • Slightly indented just behind mouth |
• Usu. dull-yellow sometimes purple |
• Filaments usu. hairless • inserted 3-4mm above base of corolla |
• Ivy esp. Atlantic Ivy |
• 'Nose-cone' of unopened buds at top • Lower lip of flowers with ±pointed lobes |
• 1 present |
Knapweed Broomrape (O. elatior) [R] |
• 25-75cm high × stout 10-15mm • Yellowish-brown (rarely red) • Slightly ridged • Glandular hairy (yellow hairs) |
• 18-25mm long |
• Yellow |
• Filaments usu. hairy to the tip • inserted (3)4-6mm above base of corolla |
• Greater Knapweed |
• |
• None present |
Yarrow Broomrape (O. purpurea) [RR] |
• 15-45cm high × 4-6mm • Brownish, tinged Bluish |
• 18-26mm long • Purplish-blue |
• White, or v. pale blue |
• Filaments hairless • inserted 5-8mm above base of corolla |
• Yarrow |
• Calyx teeth: four (two each side of calyx and in axil of each bract) |
• Two small strap-shaped pointed bracteoles (two each side of calyx) |
Thyme Broomrape (O. alba) [RR] |
• 8-25 (35)cm high × 5-10mm • Purplish-red |
• 15-20 (25)mm long • Pale cream, usually washed dark-red |
• Reddish • The 2 stigma lobes partly fused |
• Filaments hairy • inserted 1-3mm above base of corolla |
• Wild Thyme |
• Plants distinctively reddish all over • Flowers sweetly scented |
• None present |
Greater Broomrape (O. rapum-genistae) |
• 20-90cm high × 10-15mm • Yellowish Strongly washed purplish-red |
• 20-25mm long • Pale yellow to reddish, deeper-red inside |
• Yellow |
• Filaments glandular hairy towards the tip - bottom 2/3rds hairless • inserted <2mm above base of corolla |
• Woody members of Fabaceae esp. Broom or Common Gorse |
• Flowers have strong pong • Often tall, but Knapweed Broomrape can be taller • Scales have dark central line |
• None present |
Oxtongue Broomrape (O. pteridis) [RRR] |
• Up to 60cm tall × 8-13mm • Pale yellowish, often tinged purple occ. hairless |
• 14-22mm long • White to pale yellow • Tinged & veined Purple |
• Purple |
• Filaments downy below • inserted (2)3-5mm above base of corolla |
• spp. of Picris & Crepis |
• |
• 1 present |
Bedstraw Broomrape (O. caryophyllacca) [RRR] |
• Up to 40cm high × 3.5-9mm • Tinged yellow or white (occ pinkish) |
• 20-32mm long • Tinged yellow with reddish or purplish-brown |
• Purple • The 2 stigma lobes separated |
• Filaments hairy usu. at top • inserted 1-3(5)mm above base of corolla |
• Hedge Bedstraw |
• |
• None present |
Thistle Broomrape (O. reticulata ) • (ssp. pallidiflora) in UK [RRR] |
• Up to 70cm high • Pale yellowish, often purplish below |
• 12-22mm long • Yellow with purplish tinge |
• Purple |
• Filaments hairless to sparsely hairy to the tip • inserted 2-4mm higher than base of corolla |
• Both Carduus and Cirsium Thistles |
• |
• None present |
Bean Broomrape (O. crenata) |
• Up to 80cm high • Yellowish to purplish |
• 20-30mm long • White with mauve veins |
• White or yellow or pinkish |
• Filaments sparesly hairy to tip • inserted 2-4mm above base of corolla |
• On herbaceous Fabaceae, often crop spp. |
• Scales mostly near bottom coloured yellow or purple-brown |
• 1 present |
|
STEMS |
COROLLA |
STIGMAS |
STAMENS |
SYMBIONTS |
UNUSUAL FEATURES |
BRACTEOLES (at base of calyx) |